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The Young Bull: Arnaud De Lie’s Monster Power

Arnaud De Lie had a stellar debut pro season, saving Lotto-Soudal from complete disaster with his UCI points ensuring they have all wildcard invitations for 2023. In his first year as a pro rider the young Walloon farmer won not one, not two, not three but eight one-day races. With his 2268 UCI points he was one of the best scorers in the whole peloton, mostly thanks to consistent top results in local Belgian races.

But how good was De Lie’s season outside of the points scoring? Is he actually a top rider capable of Monument success or was his great season simply the result of astute points farming in lower level races? In this article, we will dive deep into his power numbers using his data from every race and some of his harder training sessions, which are all uploaded on his Strava account.

Power Records

De Lie’s biggest weapon is his sprint. His peak 5 second power is 1603 watts, but more importantly he can push such huge values after spending 3000 kilojoules. As mere mortals it is hard to comprehend what 1155 watts for 30 seconds looks like but that is what De Lie pushed on his training ride on the 9th of June this year.

His power values up to 5 minutes are also world class. 542 watts for 5 minutes, even when fresh, is one of the better absolute 5 minute power values in the whole peloton especially when you consider that riders like Ganna with superior 5 minute records do not possess the sprint of De Lie. More importantly, with fatigued legs in races De Lie can push close to 500 watts for 5 minutes with an ability to sprint afterwards. No wonder De Lie can also perform well in hilly classics or hilly finishes like Bretagne Classic.

Not Just a Bunch Sprinter

De Lie is both a bunch sprinter and one-day specialist. He is not a classic pure sprinter like Sam Bennett or Fabio Jakobsen despite being listed at 78 kg on both PCS and his Strava profile. This difference is elucidated in his power data, where he can produce huge absolute watts from 5 to 20 minute duration. So far, his 20 minute maximum power is 425 watts, which he produced on 20th February at the start of Tour des Alpes Maritimes et du Var Stage 3.

Tour des Alpes Maritimes et du Var stage 3 – De Lie Strava data

De Lie’s teammate, Tim Wellens, was wearing the leader’s jersey and was under attack from the start of this explosive stage with Nairo Quintana trying to win GC. The young Belgian was probably was trying to hold on in the peloton to help Wellens in the following hour and practically did a full gas 20 minute FTP test. 5.44 w/kg for 20 minutes is no Wout van Aert, but it is solid considering that De Lie is 78 kilograms. A 60 kg rider on a 6% gradient climb would need to do around 5.8 w/kg to match the speed of the heavier rider.

Despite being a sprinter, De Lie’s 5 minute power makes him a potentially great classics rider. Already at 20 years old he proved that he can make small groups in selective smaller classics like Volta Limburg, where he crushed everyone in the final kilometre, winning with a 2 second margin over his closest rivals. De Lie also survived the very demanding Bretagne Classic course and finished 4th in the uphill sprint from a 18 man group, where he was the heaviest rider alongside puncheurs and proven classics riders like Wout Van Aert and Biniam Girmay.

De Lie’s Power After Fatigue

The ability to produce certain power numbers after fatigue at the end of races is the most important determinant of results in pro cycling. De Lie is special in that he has pushed his best 1 second, 5 second and 10 second power at the end of races after at least 3000 kilojoules spent. With this huge power he won many one-day race bunch sprints against top level sprinters such as Mark Cavendish, Sam Bennett, Fabio Jakobsen and Giacomo Nizzolo.

The most impressive sprint of the season was in Heylen Vastgoed Heistse Pijl one-day race, where De Lie dominated against Nizzolo and Cavendish in a long and demanding finish.

Heist op den Berg – Belgium – cycling – De Lie Arnaud (BEL) of Lotto Soudal celebrates the win before Nizzolo Giacomo (ITA) of Israel – Premier Tech and Cavendish Mark (GBR) of Quick-Step Alpha Vinyl Team pictured during Heylen Vastgoed Heistse Pijl (1.1) a one day race between Vosselaar and Heist op den Berg (192.8KM) – Photo: Peter de Voecht/PN/Cor Vos © 2022

The craziest part is that De Lie did this incredible sprint after 4 hours and 23 minutes of racing and 3570 kilojoules, doing 1603w for 5 seconds, 1473w for 10 seconds and 1294w for 15 seconds in the final sprint. It is hard to compete against such a beast if his lead-out and positioning are competent.

Below you can see De Lie’s elite fatigue resistance by the numbers, with his Heylen Vastgoed Heistse Pijl sprint in the left-hand column compared to his career peak watts.

The top WorldTour classics typically require a rider to repeat 2-5 minute efforts at close to their peak ability. Recovery and ability to repeat those efforts is key for a rider’s success in those races. Below you can see De Lie’s best 5 minute power performances varied by preceding kilojoules.

De Lie did a 5 minute maximum power test at Lotto-Soudal’s training camp in January this year. Before pushing 523 watts for 5 minutes on the beautiful Granadella cove climb in Javea, he did easier intervals. With each time he added power and shortened the interval. Between each interval there were around 6 minutes rest period and after each one he stopped to measure his blood lactate levels. As you can see above, De Lie has added 20 watts to his 5 minute personal best in July.

Max 5 min power test – January 16, 2022

Power To Win Ronde van Vlaanderen

De Lie still has to improve a lot to perform well in hilly classics at WorldTour level. Van der Poel, who might be slightly lighter than De Lie, did 499 watts for 5 minutes and 5 seconds on Oude Kwaremont in Ronde van Vlaanderen 2022, which was almost 5 hours deep into the race and after 4800 kilojoules. The lighter Pogačar was even faster on the Kwaremont, scorching past the entire field. Despite this all out effort, after the first Kwaremont there was still seven big climbs left in the race.

Tadej Pogacar (Slovenia / UAE-Team Emirates) – Mathieu Van Der Poel (Netherlands / Team Alpecin Fenix) pictured during 106th Ronde van Vlaanderen – Tour des Flandres 2022 (1.UWT) a one day race from Antwerp to Oudenaarde (272.5KM) – Photo: Dion Kerckhoffs/Cor Vos © 2022

Monuments are a different beast and fatigue resistance becomes even more important in these big races. On the final Kwaremont climb Van der Poel pushed 475 watts just to keep up with Pogačar for 5 minutes and 20 seconds. That was after he had spent 6000 kilojoules in almost 6 hours. With fresh legs De Lie could follow Van der Poel but after that many kilojoules it would be impossible at his present physical level. Of course, De Lie is not a puncheur type rider like Van der Poel, but given his high absolute watts, perhaps in his prime he might keep up with the leaders in hilly Belgian classics or not lose so much time that he cannot come back shortly afterwards.

Van der Poel power on Ronde 2022 climbs

In Omloop, Gent Wevelgem, Dwars door Vlaanderen and E3 which are all 1-2 hours shorter than the Ronde, De Lie probably would still need to hit over 500 watts for 5 minutes after 5000 kiloujoules at the end of the race to be close to the leaders. He produced his top 5 minute power after at least 4000 kilojoules in Scheldeprijs so already he is not far off. In the final part of that race De Lie pushed 478 watts for 5 minutes but before that he had some time to recover and there were no climbs in Scheldeprijs, just strong crosswinds in the cold, which benefitted eventual winner Kristoff.

The Next Generation Classics Star

In his debut season De Lie performed exceptionally, not just with his UCI points but also his physical level. The Belgian team extended his contract until 2024 and, thanks to his 2022 performance, the Lotto-Dstny team will be able to start in every World Tour race in 2023. It is clear that De Lie might be the biggest classics star in the coming years and it would not be a surprise if some teams will try to offer a long term multi-million euro contract to lock up De Lie when he becomes available in 2025.

From the Monuments, Milano-Sanremo should suit him really well, with 500 watts for 5 minutes typically being more than sufficient to make it over the Poggio in the main group if positioning is good at the base. Success in Paris-Roubaix and Ronde van Vlaandaren if he keeps improving should not be unrealistic. In the hillier World-Tour classics this year like Kuurne-Bruxelles-Kuurne, Gent-Wevelgem and Dwars door Vlaanderen he did not make the front group but it was in Spring and he definitely improved in the second part of the season as he showed in Bretagne Classic against top competition. Pressure from Belgium’s media comparing him to the next Tom Boonen will likely be high but the hype is justified, with expressed ability like De Lie has shown as a 20 year old being extremely rare.

Can INEOS Win the Tour de France Again?

The Sky/INEOS project has had the largest team budget in cycling for years, however in 2022 the Grenadiers did not win a Grand Tour for the first time since 2014. In terms of the pinnacle of cycling, the Tour de France, they have not been close to victory for the last three years. Is that set to change in 2023? In this article we will analyse the team’s countless GC riders and the prospects who they rely on to return the team to its glory days.

Geraint Thomas

The best GC rider of INEOS in 2022 and perhaps the lowest paid. Despite some down years in the lockdown era, Geraint Thomas proved that even at age 36 he could progress and reach new heights. The Welshman not only finished third in the Tour de France 2022, far clear of anyone not named Pogacar or Vingegaard, but he performed at a higher level than in 2018 when he won the race – see further analysis here.

24/07/2022 – Tour de France 2022 – Etape 21 – Paris La Defense Arena / Paris Champs-Elysees (115,6km) Le podium du Tour : Geraint Thomas (Ineos), 3e, Tadej Pogacar (UAE) 2e et Jonas Vingegaard (Jumbo), 1er

Thomas has a contract with INEOS until 2023 and it is not clear for how long he will continue to ride. It will probably depend on his results in 2023, where he will most likely attempt to win a Giro d’Italia plentiful in time-trial kilometres. If he arrives in his 2022 Tour shape he will start as a favourite for the podium but victory will be extremely difficult if Evenepoel attends in decent condition. Even so, Thomas winning the Giro seems the most plausible Grand Tour victory to imagine for INEOS in 2023 given the juggernauts that will be attending the Tour de France. Absent some remarkable improvement in Pidcock’s GC level or Dani Martinez’ Grand Tour consistency, it is possible that once again Thomas will be the strongest INEOS GC rider in 2023.

Below is a graph with all of Thomas’ climbing performances from our database. It is a new style of graph (recommended to view in light mode), whereby if you click or move the cursor on a dot, it will expand to show additional information about the relevant performance – ᵉw/kg, time, climb, year, distance, gradient, elevation gain, average speed and VAM. The trend-lines are the same as the usual graphs, which were used for the w/kg levels.

Thomas Pidcock

Perhaps the most talented rider on INEOS, and certainly one of the highest paid, Tom Pidcock has not yet finished in the Top 10 in a World-Tour stage-race or a 2.Pro/2.1 stage-race that includes big mountains. Pidcock has raced for only 37 and 46 days on the road in 2021 and 2022, while splitting his focus also to cyclo-cross and cross-country mountain bike where has has been more successful.

Overijse - Belgium - cycling - Thomas Tom Pidcock (GBR / Team INEOS Grenadiers) pictured during the Wereldbeker Cyclocross Race Druivencross 2022 for men elite in Overijse - Photo: Anton Vos/Cor Vos © 2022

Undoubtedly Pidcock is a huge talent. He can definitely produce good w/kg as he proved in the Alpe d'Huez stage in this year's Tour de France, beating Louis Meintjes by 48 seconds from a breakaway. Pidcock pushed an estimated 5.78 ᵉw/kg for 41:54, which is close to the green trend-line (Grand Tour Top 10 level), after spending a lot of energy bridging to the breakaway. Pidcock is small in size but can perform well in classics which is suggestive of a large absolute power output like Evenepoel showed prior to his Tour of Norway breakout. In 2021 Pidcock won De Brabantse Pijl and was extremely close to winning Amstel Gold Race against top competition, which suggests that Pidcock's w/kg ceiling is much higher than he has showed so far. But can he reach the climbing level of Remco Evenepoel, Jonas Vingegaard or even Tadej Pogacar? It is unlikely, however Pidcock has elite skills in other areas that many top GC riders do not, including his descending and uphill punch. In terms of his time trial, this an unknown. Pidcock has not taken time-trials seriously in races for the last two years but there is clearly latent ability in the discipline, as he finished 4th in U23 European Championships in 2020 and won the junior World Championships in 2017 with a harder course than usual.

Pidcock is not just an above-average descender, he is one of the best in the world in what is a frequently neglected skill in cycling with so much attention on watts. On technical descents he should be able to take back time if he is dropped by better climbers, maybe even more than a minute on occasion, like Julian Alaphilippe in the 2019 Tour off the Col d'Iseran when he was doing everything to keep the Maillot Jaune.

Pidcock showing off his descending skills

Whether Pidcock can be a Grand Tour winning rider remains to be seen. His potential is huge but whether he can achieve that potential on the road will depend on if he chooses to completely focus on the discipline, as you cannot win a Grand Tour just on talent. Cadel Evans won the cross-country World Cup multiple times and Michael Rassmusen became a World Champion in the same discipline but in their best GC years they focused on the road. In terms of seriously competing for the Tour de France GC in the medium term, Pidcock is INEOS' most realistic candidate given his untapped talent, physical stature and flashes of high level climbing.

Magnus Sheffield

The American Magnus Sheffield is certainly one of the biggest talents on INEOS, winning De Brabantse Pijl as a teenager in his debut WorldTour season. In the Tour of Norway Sheffield proved that he could climb very well for a bigger rider (PCS has Sheffield listed as 74kg). Despite finishing almost two minutes after Remco Evenepoel, the American pushed around 6w/kg for over 30 minutes on the steep Stavsro climb (10.5km, 8.7%), finishing together with his teammate Tao Geoghegan Hart.

Given his young age, huge engine and support from INEOS, Sheffield has the potential to be the best time-trialist in the world. As a 20 year old in the 2022 World Champs ITT Sheffield was fourth after the second check point. He would have very likely finished in the Top 5 if not for his crash in the final part of the course.

Magnus Sheffield (USA / Team INEOS Grenadiers) pictured during 32nd PostNord Danmark Rundt - Tour of Denmark (2.Pro) - stage 2 from Assens to Assens ITT time trial individual (12,2KM) - Photo: Szymon Gruchalski/Cor Vos © 2022

It would be interesting to see what Sheffield will do in World Tour stage race in 2023 or whether INEOS will have him focus on the Classics. Even with minimal weight loss, with his Tour of Norway climbing legs and a long time-trial he should be able to Top 10 Paris-Nice in March. It might sound ridiculous now, but from the current INEOS riders Sheffield is perhaps the most likely to be competitive in GC in the Tour de France in three to five years. This seems at odds with the comments above regarding Pidcock, but there is no guarantee Pidcock will focus completely on the road, whilst Sky/INEOS have a track record of transforming riders like Sheffield into competitive GC riders (Froome, Wiggins, Thomas). However to win the Tour nowadays compared to the Sky era the rider must have a strong time-trial and exceptional w/kg like the supertalents of Pogačar, Vingegaard, Evenepoel, Ayuso and Uijtdebroeks. In this regard, Sheffield's physique is battling against him but even in the the 'worst case scenario' he is going to be a Top 5 time-trial rider in the world and an elite classics rider.

Daniel Felipe Martinez

Martinez finished fifth in the Giro d'Italia 2021, while riding primarily as a domestique for Egan Bernal. He had a great first half of the season in 2022, winning Basque Country and nearly winning Paris-Nice, but his second half of the season was underwhelming, with no Grand Tour success. Martinez is 26 and is in his prime so huge gains in his w/kg are unlikely. His climbing level (fringe Grand Tour podium trend-line)and time-trial ability are good but not great. His descending is horrible but even with that it is possible to win a Grand Tour as proven by Chris Froome in his early years. Martinez does not have the watts or the consistency (particularly in hot conditions) to win Le Tour but he is definitely capable of reaching the podium of the Giro d'Italia if he is paired with Thomas in 2023.

Carlos Rodriguez

Carlos Rodriguez took a big leap in 2022 and proved he could ride a Grand Tour as INEOS' GC leader. The Andalusian is an adept descender, has solid w/kg and displayed a much improved time trial in La Vuelta. Although contending for a podium spot for the first couple of weeks, Rodriguez ended up in seventh in the Vuelta a Espana 2022 (before his stage 18 crash he was fourth in GC). Unfortunately for INEOS, Rodriguez' contract is running out in 2023 and if the rumours are right then his next team will be Movistar. Big GC riders are signed early, particularly when they are the right nationality, many months before the contract is announced.

Carlos Rodriguez (ESP - INEOS Grenadiers) - Juan Ayuso (ESP - UAE Team Emirates) pictured during 77th La Vuelta ciclista a Espa–a (2.UWT) - stage 9 Villaviciosa > Les Praeres. Nava (171.4km) - Photo: Luis Angel Gomez/SCA/Cor Vos © 2022

However INEOS might get a taste of their own medicine as they signed Richard Carapaz before he won the Giro 2019 for Movistar. If Rodriguez takes another leap in 2023 (he turns only 22 in February), Thomas retires and Pidcock does not improve, INEOS' best GC rider for the future might be walking out the door by the end of the season.

Tao Geoghegan Hart

The Giro d'Italia 2020 winner Tao Geoghegan Hart showed some solid performances in 2022 after a season to forget in 2021. Unfortunately he crashed in the Vuelta a Espana in the treacherous run-in to the ascent of Les Praeres but before that he was performing well. It is unlikely Tao will win another Grand Tour but never write off someone who has done a generational level performance, as he did on Piancavallo (above the red trend-line). This is the highest level climbing performance achieved by anyone on the current INEOS roster and, as shown by Jai Hindley in the Giro 2022, even a return to close to that level is enough in the Giro. If everything goes right for Tao during his preparation and the three weeks of racing, he probably can Top 5 a Grand Tour in the next couple of years.

Thymen Arensman

Arensman finished 6th in the 2022 Vuelta at age 22, despite performing poorly in the flat time-trial due to overheating in Alicante. Arensman seems like the archetypal INEOS GC contender on paper, with steady climbing and an excellent time trial. However there is a huge problem with Arensman in the modern era, where the best climbers also time trial at an exceptional level. He is very tall, over 190 centimetres and is allergic to steep climbs. He has not yet performed well on 8%+ gradients and he is more comfortable on steady 5-6% climbs like the end of Sierra Nevada where he rode away from the breakaway in the big ring to high altitude. Perhaps there will be a performance upgrade after his move from DSM to INEOS, where he is scheduled to ride the Giro in 2023. The Italian Grand Tour will include three time-trials and potentially an even weaker overall start list compared to previous years as many climbers who cannot time-trial will take their opportunity to go to the Tour de France with its one short hilly time-trial. Arensman could podium the upcoming Giro but his climbing level has not improved significantly since he came second in GC in Tour de l'Avenir behind Tadej Pogacar in 2018.

Pavel Sivakov

Sivakov seemed like a huge talent before the 2020 Tour but after multiple crashes and some down years he has been working mostly as a mountain domestique in Grand Tours (for Yates in Vuelta 2021 and Carapaz in Giro 2022). Before the 2022 Vuelta he seemed to have turned a corner, flying in San Sebastian where he finished second and winning the overall at Vuelta a Burgos. However his streak of unlucky incidents in Grand Tours continued as he had to abandon the Vuelta after a brilliant time trial due to a positive COVID test. In 2023 he will most likely return primarily to domestique duties.

Luke Plapp

Plapp is another exciting U23 rider for INEOS. The Australian performed well on Jebel Hafeet and Tour of Norway climb Stavsro in just his first few months of WorldTour racing. At the start of Volta a Catalunya Stage 6 he lit up the Llebres Mussara dropping everyone except his teammate Richard Carapaz and Sergio Higuita on just a 6% gradient! After that Plapp got in the team car and left the race, with his work being done. Plapp is an excellent time-trial rider and has proven he can push huge watts on climbs. His ceiling is not as high as Remco Evenepoel's but, just like Sheffield, he can be converted into a Grand Tour podium contender.

Luke Plapp (GBR - INEOS Grenadiers) - Steven Kruijswijk (Netherlands / Team Jumbo-Visma) pictured during the Volta Ciclista a Catalunya 2022 - 101st Edition - stage 6 between Salou and Cambrils (167.6KM) - Photo: Luis Angel Gomez/SCA/Cor Vos © 2022

Egan Bernal

After the horrific crash in training at the start of 2022, Bernal has still not recovered to his pre-crash level. Regardless, it is good to see him competing in races after such a terrible accident. Bernal won the Giro in 2021 and Tour in 2019 but his most impressive performances in Grand Tours are from the third week of the Vuelta 2021. Bernal wants to race in Tour de France but even with his peak pre-crash shape it would be impossible for him to beat Vingegaard or Pogačar as they both time-trial and climb better than Bernal has ever done.

Michael Leonard

Leonard is an exciting young prospect from Canada. He caught the attention of INEOS with his high level climbing performances in Italian junior races and rumoured off the charts physiological testing. The 18 year old did not ride against the best competition there but he is definitely a rider to watch out for in 2023.

Wollongong - Australia - cycling - Michael Leonard (Canada) pictured during 89th World Championships Men - Road Juniors Wollongong > Wollongong (136km) - Photo: Luca Bettini/SCA/Cor Vos © 2022

Ben Tulett

Tulett is 21 and his most impressive performance was in the Settimana Coppi e Bartali race in 2022, winning the queen stage in San Marino up a 14 minute climb. Tulett finished ahead of Marc Hirschi, Simon Carr and his teammate Eddie Dunbar on this hard stage which has been a testing ground for the likes of Vingegaard in the very recent past. Established riders like Geraint Thomas and Vincenzo Nibali lost more than a minute to the young British talent. Tulett earned a spot in the Giro d'Italia squad at the last minute and was a valuable mountain domestique for Richard Carapaz, showing a good level on the Fedaia climb deep into the third week. His time-trial is above average for a rider of his small size and he is steadily improving his results each year, after being bought out from Alpecin at the end of 2021.

San Marino - Italy - cycling - Ben Tulett (GBR - INEOS Grenadiers) pictured during 37th Settimana Internazionale Coppi e Bartali (2.1) stage 3 between San Marino and San Marino (147KM) - Photo: Massimo Fulgenzi/SCA/Cor Vos © 2022

Leo Hayter

New signing Leo Hayter won the extremely hard Stage 3 of the Baby Giro this year, beating second place finisher Romain Gregoire by almost five minutes. Hayter was not the best climber in this race but his fatigue resistance and pacing is great. However many of his competitors like Romain Gregoire and Lenny Martinez were younger than Hayter by almost two years, who is a third year U23 rider. His time trial ability is good, as expected for young British INEOS recruits, finishing third in the U23 ITT World Championships this year. It is hard to say how Hayter will perform in the medium term in World Tour races but he is definitely climbing better on long climbs than his brother Ethan Hayter, who is more of a puncheur / versatile sprinter.

Wollongong - Australia - cycling -Leo Hayter of Great Britain in the hot seat pictured during 89th World Championships U23 - ITT (WC) time trial ITT - Wollongong > Wollongong (28,8km) - Photo: Simon Wilkinson/SWPix/Cor Vos © 2022

Conclusion

INEOS currently have a lot of very good and very well paid GC riders, but are missing the highest tier of GC rider on their roster. Pogačar, Evenepoel, Roglič and Vingegaard are all riding for their close rivals, whilst young supertalents Ayuso and Uijtdebroeks are more likely to win the Tour de France in the future than any of the young riders on the current INEOS talents. None of the INEOS riders above the age of 24 (Thomas, Bernal, Geoghegan Hart, Sivakov, Martinez) can realistically be expected to win the Tour as they all have reached their peak or are very close to it and that peak is not close enough to the very best. This probably was the reason why the expensive Carapaz and Adam Yates went to other teams this off season as they also cannot realistically win the Tour and are unlikely to improve. INEOS do have the deepest stockpile of young talent of any team in cycling and they will be hoping that one of them does take that step up to A-tier GC rider (Sheffield, Pidcock, Plapp, Leonard, Tulett, L.Hayter, Arensman, Rodriguez). Arensman and Rodriguez have already proven that they can Top 10 a Grand Tour but they are still far away from competing for a Tour de France win.

The Top 10 Climbing Performances of 2022

As the 2022 cycling season has come to a close, it is time to rank the top 10 climbing performances of the year. An admittedly hard task, considering the multitude of impressive performances from various riders throughout the year. The climbing speeds especially exploded when summer arrived after the Giro d’Italia, with eight of the ten entries in the list coming after the month of May.

We have determined this ranking based primarily on w/kg per duration, but other factors like altitude, temperature and difficulty of the race up to that point (measured using spent kj/kg/h) are accounted for subjectively, as it has not been definitively established how much such factors affect the eventual w/kg performance on a final climb. The duration of the effort also has to be exceed 5 minutes for it to be counted as a climbing performance, meaning short efforts like Dylan Teuns on Mur de Huy will not appear on this list. All estimated w/kg are normalised etalon w/kg for the average 60kg rider.

Honourable Mentions

With the large number of high level performances, it was impossible to include even some absolutely elite efforts that would have surely made the top 10 in other years. Here are some of the efforts that were close to the Top 10 in no particular order:

  • Mikel Landa, Jai Hindley and Richard Carapaz on Santa Cristina (Giro d’Italia Stage 16): 36’15min @ 6,20w/kg.
  • Ruben Guerreiro on Mont Ventoux (Mt Ventoux Denivele Challenge): 58’36min @ 5,98w/kg.
  • Mauricio Moreira on Senhora Assuncao (GP Jornal de Noticias Stage 2): 13’23min @ 7,14w/kg.
  • Remco Evenepoel on Collau Fancuaya (Vuelta a Espana Stage 8): 27’29min @ 6,42w/kg.
  • Remco Evenepoel on Penas Blancas (Vuelta a Espana Stage 12): 45’40min @ 6,19w/kg.

10. Jonas Vingegaard, Plateau de Solaison

Criterium du Dauphine Stage 8, Plateau de Solaison (11,3km; 9,07%)

6,32w/kg for 34’34min.

Jumbo Visma were not required to do more than defend on the final stage of the Dauphiné, as Primoz Roglic had already acquired a comfortable GC lead on the previous day, but the Dutch team was determined to put on a show before Le Tour. Kruijswijk managed to reduce the group to just four riders with a very long and strong pull, before Vingegaard and Roglic took off and dropped Ben O’Connor, the final challenger.

The surprising part were the problems of elected leader Roglic to follow Vingegaard, who eventually slowed down for the Slovenian. This led to Ben O’Connor coming back to losing just 15 seconds, as the two Jumbo leaders celebrated the Stage and GC double victory. This high level w/kg performance after a decently hard stage (13,21kj/kg/h for 3:31h) in 30°C heat while even slowing down for Roglic was certainly a sign of things to come from Jonas Vingegaard in Le Tour de France.

9. Jai Hindley on Passo Fedaia

Giro d’Italia Stage 20, Passo Fedaia (5,3km; 11,11%)

6,51w/kg for 18’50min

The only effort from the Giro d’Italia on this list is also the one which decided the race, when Jai Hindley dropped Richard Carapaz for good on the final road stage, after INEOS set an inexplicably high tempo on the first part of the ascent. The w/kg of this effort are clearly the worst in the top 10 and lower than some performances that missed out on the ranking, but the conditions in which this performance was achieved make it so impressive.

The stage itself was already very hard with 13,98kj/kg/h for 4:30h including the altitude climbs Passo San Pellegrino, Passo Pordoi and Passo Fedaia with the performance right at the end of three weeks of racing. All of this explains the large gaps Jai Hindley created with his Fedaia ascension that missed the climbing record of Enrico Zaina by 23 seconds, but was faster than Marco Pantani in 1998.

8. Remco Evenepoel on Gaustatoppen

Tour of Norway Stage 3, Gaustatoppen Stavsro (10,5km; 8,70%)

6,50w/kg for 30’23min

The performance that shocked the cycling world. After months of struggles on the steep climbs – 41 seconds behind Vlasov on Maigmo Tibi, 4’01min behind Pogacar on the Tirreno queen stage and 24 seconds behind the lead group on Arrate – Remco Evenepoel finally exploded the watts and released a ‘Generational’ w/kg performance in the Tour of Norway, a race which he absolutely dominated with three stage wins and the GC title.

The conditions to perform such an effort were certainly near perfect with the low altitude, ideal temperature and a medium difficulty stage with 12,68kj/kg/h for 4:01h, but it was still easily the most impressive performance of the year at that point of the season. Both Remco Evenepoel and Jay Vine, who finished second with 6,34w/kg for 30’49min, would eventually improve on there performances in La Vuelta a Espana some months later.

Lanterne Rouge x Cycling Graphs – Remco Evenepoel

7. Remco Evenepoel on Les Praeres

Vuelta a Espana Stage 9, Les Praeres (3,77km; 13,29%)

6,83w/kg for 15’06min

After two huge performances already in the first week on Pico Jano and Collau Fancuaya the previous day, Remco Evenepoel managed another impressive effort on the Rampas Inhumanas of Les Praeres in Stage 9 of La Vuelta. Evenepoel broke the climbing record of Simon Yates and put 34 seconds into Juan Ayuso, the closest challenger. This impressive display of strength after a hard stage with 13,87kj/kg/h for 4:03h dropped the other GC contenders within the first kilometre of the climb and concluded a perfect first week for Remco Evenepoel, who was now 1:12min ahead of Mas and 1:53min ahead of Roglic in GC before the first rest day.

6. Tadej Pogacar and Jonas Vingegaard on Mende

Tour de France Stage 14, Cote de la Croix Neuve – Mende (3,05km; 10,33%)

Tadej Pogacar: 7,36w/kg for 9’05min
Jonas Vingegaard: 7,26w/kg for 9’05min

After the dramatic blowup of Pogacar on Col du Granon, he was forced to attack at every opportunity for the remainder of Le Tour to gain back the 2’22min GC deficit to Jonas Vingegaard. On Stage 14 the Slovenian was especially aggressive, already attacking in the early hilly parts of the stage, but Jumbo-Visma managed to control him despite some anxious moments. The main attack then came on the Cote de la Croix Neuve, the most famous 10 minute w/kg test in cycling.

This strong attack immediately blew everyone away except for Jonas Vingegaard, who was glued to the wheel of Pogacar throughout the entire ascent, seemingly not even breathing. The names of the only three riders that ever climbed this hill faster than the two dominators of the Tour de France 2022 confirm just how fast Pogacar and Vingegaard were: Marco Pantani (1995, 8’59min), Miguel Indurain (1995, 9’00min) and Bjarne Riis (1995, 9’00min).

5. Brandon McNulty on Stage 17 of Le Tour de France

Tour de France Stage 17, Col de Val Louron Azet West (8,34km; 7,94%) and Peyragudes (8,08km; 8,03%)

Col de Val Louron Azet West: 6,58w/kg for 22’24min
Peyragudes: 6,23w/kg for 22’57min

Brandon McNulty was much stronger in the Pyrenees in the latter part of the Tour de France, having been dropped by Nathan Van Hooyndonck’s pace on Col de la Croix de Fer in the Alpes. He showed flashes on Mende, setting up the Pogacar attack and then probably could have won Stage 16 to Foix from the breakaway had he not been on teammate duties. His true day of glory however was Stage 17, the stage made for Tadej Pogacar, featuring multiple 20-25min climbs with a consistent moderate gradient, on which UAE hoped to drop Jonas Vingegaard.

After Mikkel Bjerg had already achieved a career climbing performance, reducing the group to less than 15 riders on Hourquette d’Ancizan, it was McNulty’s turn on Val Louron. He delivered more than maybe even UAE expected from him, demolishing the penultimate climb at 6,58w/kg with only Pogacar and Vingegaard able to survive in the draft. On the final climb to Peyragudes it became clear that Pogacar would not be able to drop Vingegaard, as McNulty kept riding on the front at a lower, but still high tempo until the final ramp at 500m to go, on which Pogacar managed to sprint for the stage win.

Lanterne Rouge x Cycling Graphs – Brandon McNulty

4. Remco Evenepoel on Erlaitz

Klasika San Sebastian, Erlaitz (3,8km; 10,74%)

7,25w/kg for 11’56min

After a disappointing Tour de Suisse, Remco Evenepoel returned from an altitude camp to San Sebastian even stronger than in Norway. The young Belgian initiated a 45km solo win with a tremendous Erlaitz ascent at 7,25w/kg, dropping an in-form Simon Yates off the wheel. It remains the best pure w/kg performance of the entire season.

Performing at such a level is naturally easier in a one day race, but doing it to set up a 45km solo to win by 1:58min showed his absolute superiority over the strong competition. It was certainly a completely different victory than in 2019, when he became the youngest rider ever to win a UCI World Tour race. Back then he was dropping on early climbs and had to rely on the peloton to underestimate a late breakaway of him to win the race.

3. Jay Vine and Remco Evenepoel on Pico Jano

Vuelta a Espana Stage 6, Pico Jano (12,4km; 6,66%)

Jay Vine: 6,58w/kg for 29’53min
Remco Evenepoel: 6,50w/kg for 30’08min

The two superclimbers of the Tour of Norway immediately delivered on the first mountain stage of the Vuelta a Espana, creating massive gaps on a very shallow climb with a huge drafting benefit. Both riders were probably on the same level as each other, but with Vine attacking away from the slow peloton earlier and not a GC threat, he effectively got a head start on Evenepoel which awarded him with the stage win and his first professional victory. Remco Evenepoel was slowly closing in on him from behind, putting 1’12min into Roglic and the main GC group at the same time on a stage where few GC gaps, if any, were expected.

Mas and Ayuso also performed close to their career best numbers with 6,26w/kg and 6,23w/kg respectively, which indicates that the conditions were favourable, such as the low altitude and the stage coming early in the race. That being said, with 6,20w/kg for 19’05min on Collada de Brenes just before, they did not walk up to the base of the climb.

Lanterne Rouge x Cycling Graphs – Jay Vine on Standard Trendlines

2. Jonas Vingegaard on Col du Granon

Tour de France Stage 11, Col du Granon (11,28km; 9,20%)

6,10w/kg for 35’55min

Stage 11 of Le Tour was shaping up to be one for the ages right from the start, being ridden exceptionally hard even before Roglic and Vingegaard started rolling attacks on the Col du Galibier. This was compounded by Pogacar even attacking them himself, which likely cost him a decent amount of time at the end of the stage. He rode the high altitude Galibier at 5,54w/kg for 48’46min with countless tempo changes, with his normalised power likely being much higher than the average w/kg. Vingegaard, drafting a bit more, rode at 5,50w/kg on the Galibier – already good numbers at altitude, but it was only the penultimate climb of the day.

The real gaps were created on the final climb to Col du Granon, where Jonas Vingegaard attacked with 4,6km to go after the very hard pacing of Rafal Majka, climbing the last 15’00min at 6,47w/kg. This is one of the all-time great altitude climbing performances, with which the Danish climber effectively won the Tour de France 2022, putting 2’51min into his Slovenian rival.

1. Jonas Vingegaard on Hautacam

Tour de France Stage 18, Hautacam (13,33km; 7,95%)

Spandelles: 6,17w/kg for 29’57min
Hautacam: 6,32w/kg for 36’30min

The final mountain stage of Le Tour was symbolic of the entire event, with Jumbo Visma dominating the stage from start to finish. As Van Aert and Benoot once again joined the breakaway as satellite riders, it became another extremely hard stage with 15,9kj/kg/h for 2:40h before Spandelles including ~5,1w/kg for over 50 minutes on the Col d’Aubisque. The combination of this hard racing, the strong attacks on the penultimate climb, the third week effect and the high w/kg performances on both Spandelles and Hautacam make this THE performance of 2022. Pogacar attempted to distance Vingegaard on the Spandelles climb, hitting him with three big attacks, but the Dane was comfortably following all of them.

The final climb to Hautacam has been the stage for many career-defining performances in the past, including Indurain in 1994, Riis in 1996, Armstrong in 2000, more recently Nibali in 2014 and now Jonas Vingegaard in 2022. Sepp Kuss pulled at over 6,2w/kg for the first 23 minutes, before Van Aert was caught as last survivor from the early break and delivered a short but very hard final pull that even distanced Pogacar. The yellow jersey was still clearly far from done at that point, as he extended the gap to Pogacar to 1’04min and even climbed the last 4,5km faster than Bjarne Riis in 1996 – the greatest climbing performance in history and the greatest climbing performance of 2022, both achieved by Danes on the Hautacam.

Lanterne Rouge x Cycling Graphs – Jonas Vingegaard

With four entries on the list each, Jonas Vingegaard and Remco Evenepoel have to be considered the two best climbers of 2022, while Tadej Pogacar ranks behind them in third. Pogacar may only have one entry, but he consistently delivers great performances in all WorldTour races that he enters, however this level just was not quite enough to match peak Vingegaard in the Tour de France. The best climber of 2021, Primoz Roglic, could not finish a Grand Tour this year and also seemingly regressed a little bit based on Turini and Solaison, making him fall to fourth behind the elite trio of Vingegaard – Evenepoel – Pogacar. It remains to be seen if the surprises of 2022, Brandon McNulty and Jay Vine, will be able to consistently perform on the level they only showed on a few occasions this year. If they are able to do so, they will immediately jump into the highest tiers of GC riders.

Below you can see all performances in the Top 10 in a graph with standard trend-lines. In 2022, we saw five performances above the red ‘Generational’ trend-line, with the one of Mauricio Moreira in GP Jornal de Noticias even missing out on a spot in the overall top 10, due to the favourable conditions. The reason for Vingegaard not performing at such a pure w/kg level is the way Le Tour unfolded with attacks and high w/kg on the penultimate climb of nearly every mountain stage in hot conditions.

Lanterne Rouge x Cycling Graphs – best of 2022

In the 21st century, the number of ‘Generational’ performances in road stages in a single year was only improved upon in 2000 (six) and matched in 2006 and 2020. In those two years, four of the five ‘Generational’ performances were achieved on a single stage (Monte Bondone 2006 and Piancavallo 2020) and the overall climbing level was consistently below 2022 standards. Considering the multitude of high level performances on more than one climb in the same stage during 2022, the overall climbing level of the 2022 season has to be considered the best since at least 2000.

Amount of ‘Generational’ climbing performances in road stages per year since 2000

Gabriel Stróżyk (@NaichacaCycling)

Geraint Thomas was Stronger in the Tour de France 2022 compared to his 2018 Victory

In the Tour de France 2022, Geraint Thomas displayed strong climbing performances throughout the three weeks, finishing third in the general classification behind Pogačar and Vingegaard. Standing on the podium in Paris was nothing new for the Welshman, who won Le Tour in 2018 and came second in 2019. But how does his 2022 Tour performance stack up against those better results on his palmares? In this article, we will compare Thomas’ 2018 and 2022 Tour de France performances as well as his career best w/kg efforts.

2018 Tour de France

The climbing level of the 2018 Tour was quite low compared to the current post-COVID era. Thomas won back to back mountain stages on La Rosiere and Alpe d’Huez, pushing below an estimated 5.80 ᵉw/kg on medium length mountains, which is even below the trendline of a Grand Tour Top 10 contender in 2022. Nowadays it is practically impossible to win a Grand Tour stage from a GC group with such performances unless there is a significant tactical stalemate followed by a sprint at the end. Thomas did his best pure w/kg performances on Col de Portet and Cote de la Croix Neuve – Mende but he was not the fastest on both climbs. On Portet he lost to Nairo Quintana 47 seconds and Dan Martin 19 seconds but on the short Cote de la Croix Neuve – Mende he lost only five seconds to Primož Roglič, who subsequently became the best rider in the world on such climbs.

THOMAS Geraint (GBR) of Team SKY – QUINTANA Nairo (COL) of Movistar Team pictured during the 105th Tour de France – stage – 14 from Saint-Paul-Trois-Ch‰teaux to Mende – 187KM – photo Tim van Wichelen/Cor Vos © 2018

Given his larger size compared to diminutive climbers like Quintana, Thomas has never been able to push the best w/kg up climbs if they are paced hard from the base or are very steep. The Alpe d’Huez and La Rosiere mountain top finishes were not paced full gas, with riders in the GC group attacking multiple times and then the group slowing once they were caught. Thomas was able to win the stages with his patented last km surge, which has continued to be a weapon for him to gain time or limit losses in the current era (see Volta a Catalunya 2021 Stages 3 and 4).

Geraint Thomas 2018 Tour de France w/kg performances – Lanterne Rouge x Cycling Graphs

2022 Tour de France

Despite never being close to Pogačar or Vingegaard on any mountain stage or in the general classification, Thomas was in his best shape ever at the Tour de France 2022. Even without winning a stage he did great performances on Alpe d’Huez, Col du Granon (high altitude) and La Super Planche des Belles Filles, often in very hot conditions. Thomas lost almost three minutes on Hautacam to Vingegaard, despite doing 5.83 ᵉw/kg for almost 40 minutes (enough to win on Alpe d’Huez in 2018). Before Hautacam he did Spandelles at a hard pace (6.07 ᵉw/kg for 30:28min) with his sole attack of the race and later caught Vingegaard and Pogačar in the descent as the Dane was waiting for his teammates.

Geraint Thomas 2022 Tour de France w/kg performances – Lanterne Rouge x Cycling Graphs

2018 vs 2022 Tour de France

When both races are compared, the 2022 Tour consistently has higher level final climb performances, with the racing in 2022 also typically being much more difficult prior to the final climb (Galibier and Spandelles were both launched by Pogacar). On the w/kg x time graph both Alpe d’Huez 2022 and Mende 2018 are practically similar, however in general Thomas’ climbing over 15 minutes duration was superior in 2022 compared to 2018.

Geraint Thomas 2018 vs 2022 Tour de France w/kg performances – Lanterne Rouge x Cycling Graphs

Fortunately for the sake of comparison, both Alpe d’Huez and Cote de la Croix Neuve – Mende climbs were included in each of the 2018 and 2022 Le Tour editions.

Alpe d’Huez

In 2022 nine riders were faster on Alpe d’Huez than Thomas’ time in 2018, when he outsprinted Dumoulin, Froome and Bardet atop the legendary climb. Thomas himself beat his 2018 Alpe d’Huez time by 2 minutes and 3 seconds whilst Bardet also massively improved his time by 1:46min. It is unsurprising that fast times were set in 2022, with Jumbo-Visma pacing a large portion of the climb very hard with Benoot, Kuss and Kruijswijk.

Alpe d’Huez climbing times and w/kg estimations by Naichaca

In defense of the 2018 Alpe d’Huez performace, Thomas definitely did not set his fastest possible time (winning races and gaining time is the aim of GC contenders, not setting fast climbing times with other GC contenders in the draft). He saved a lot of energy drafting whilst others attacked and won the stage with a powerful 15-second sprint. The same thing can be said about the La Rosiere stage, where Thomas won thanks to an acceleration in the final kilometre.

THOMAS Geraint (GBR) of Team SKY – FROOME Chris (GBR) of Team SKY – DUMOULIN Tom (NED) of Team Sunweb – BARDET Romain (FRA) of AG2R La Mondiale pictured during the 105th Tour de France – stage – 12 from Bourg-Saint-Maurice Les Arcs to Alpe dÕHuez – 175KM – photo VK/PN/Cor Vos © 2018

Meanwhile in the 2022 edition, there was such a performance disparity both above and below Thomas that he just rode every climb like a time trial without responding to the attacks of Pogacar and Vingegaard and with other podium contenders dropping very early on each climb. By riding to his own threshold level Thomas most likely did the best possible w/kg performance he was capable of in 2022 on the Alpe.

Geraint Thomas drops and comes back on Alpe d’Huez

Cote de la Croix Neuve – Mende

On the Cote de la Croix Neuve – Mende climb Thomas in 2022 lost 23 seconds to his 2018 time. Considering the steep gradient of the climb, in both cases he definitely did go full gas. However in 2022 the conditions were less conducive to a high w/kg performance, with an average stage temperature of 35 centigrade compared to 28 centigrade in 2018. The stage was also significantly more difficult before the final climb in 2022, with riders in the peloton spending 13,1 kj/kg/h for 4:41h in 2022 vs 11,5 for 4:47h in 2018.

Cote de la Croix Neuve – Mende climbing times and w/kg estimations by Naichaca

Conclusion

With modern training and methods, Thomas shows that it is possible to be in career best shape even at age 36. Perhaps relative to his era 2018 Thomas was stronger than 2022 Thomas, but it is clear that right now the 2022 Tour version of Thomas is improved. There is the reality of the Sky Train 2018 mountain stages perhaps hiding the true w/kg that 2018 Thomas was capable of, but we consider this offset by how difficult the 2022 mountain stages were, where he still achieved higher w/kg than in 2018. These stages in 2022 were raced extremely aggressively, often in extreme temperatures, with committed attacks on penultimate climbs on the Col du Granon, Hautacam and Peyragudes stages. The Giro d’Italia typically requires a lower w/kg threshold to win compared to Le Tour or La Vuelta, so with the 70+ km of time trial in the Giro 2023 parcours, Thomas should start as a lock for the podium and perhaps even the victory depending on Remco Evenepoel’s attendance.

Geraint Thomas getting dropped on major climbs in 2022 Tour de France

Tour de France 2023 Route Analysis

The Tour de France 2023 route was revealed yesterday in Paris, featuring numerous sprints, tough medium mountain stages and a historical shortage of time trial kilometres. There are just enough long and steep mountains like Col de la Loze, Col du Tourmalet, Joux Plane and Grand Colombier dotted around the three weeks but without any mountain stage rivalling the difficulty of the Col du Granon stage in 2022.

The sole 22 kilometre time-trial contains 650 metres elevation gain, which makes this the ideal Tour de France parcours for General Classification contenders with a weak time trial such as Enric Mas, David Gaudu, Romain Bardet, Mikel Landa and Richard Carapaz. Unfortunately for them, being poor against the clock does not make you climb fast, with Pogačar, Roglič, Vingegaard and Evenepoel all being exceptional time trial riders but also the best climbers. Below we will dissect each of the stages revealed for Le Tour 2023.

Tour de France 2023 route by ASO

Basque Country Grand Depart

The Tour will start with three hilly stages in the Basque Country, which is known for technical descents, rainy weather and some of the most passionate fans in cycling. Jeff Koons’ Puppy work in the front of the Guggenheim Bilbao will oversee the start of the 2023 edition.

Puppy and the Guggenheim in Bilbao – ASO

Stage 1

This opening stage could be the perfect chance for Tadej Pogačar to take the leader’s jersey. At 10 kilometres to go there will be the Cote de Pike climb (2km, 9.9%) which should be selective – certainly no pure sprinter should make the finish on this course. The stage ends on a small rise of 1km at 5.4% that caters to the puncheurs.

Tour de France Stage 1 2023 profile by La Flamme Rouge

In the Tour de France finish to Longwy this year Pogačar showed that his uphill sprint cannot be underestimated, however will taking yellow on the opening stage come as an early burden? Riders such as Primož Roglič, Julian Alaphilippe, Benoit Cosnefroy, Mathieu van der Poel, Wout van Aert, Tom Pidcock, Biniam Girmay and Michael Matthews will surely target this stage with the guarantee of yellow to the winner. The big question mark for this stage is how selective Côte de Pike will be or whether riders like a Bettiol could try a flyer or if versatile sprinters such as Pedersen and Philipsen can survive to the finish. This will depend on which team takes up the pacing responsibility on the climb.

Stage 2

Stage 2 will be another hilly day with the Jaizkibel climb (8.2 km, 5.2%) topping out at 17 km to go before a flat sprint in San Sebastian. This stage presents another great chance for a strong sprinter on the flat like Pogačar to take more bonus seconds over Jonas Vingegaard.

Tour de France Stage 2 2023 profile by La Flamme Rouge

Once again, whether riders such as Mathieu van der Poel, Biniam Girmay, Michael Matthews and Wout van Aert can survive the Jaizkibel depends very much on which team elects to pace the climb. The climb will be done in the reverse direction as compared to Clasica San Sebastian this year, approaching from the Hondarribia side then descending towards San Sebastian. In both directions the gradient of the climb is irregular with shallower periods to rest in the middle but the last 3.7 km of this direction are at 7.1%. Below you can see the climb and descent from the wrong side during San Sebastian this year, with Quickstep pacing hard but the group remaining large before the fearsome Erlaitz and Murgil Tontorra climbs which do not feature in the 2023 Grand Depart.

Jaizkibel from San Sebastian Side – CSS 2022

Stage 3

Stage 3 might be the first realistic chance for a breakaway to succeed or for the pure sprinters to make it to the finish. The final big climb will be Cote de Benta (5.4 km, 6.1%) cresting with around 80km remaining. Perhaps fast finishers like Mads Pedersen or Biniam Girmay will put their team to work on the 4km 3.1% climb like we saw from Trek Segafredo throughout 2022 in order to deaden the legs of riders like Jakobsen and Groenewegen. Most likely this will end in a group sprint.

The Mystery Sprints – Stages 4 et al

The organisers of the Tour de France did not release every stage profile during the presentation, including for Stage 4 which you can see the overview of below.

Dax Stage 4 Overview – ASO

According to the Tour de France Twitter feed, Stages 4, 7, 8, 11, 18, 19, 21 are suited to sprinters. It is unlikely that every stage will be completely flat and it is impossible to assess how technical each finish is at this present moment, but expect to see a large number of pure bunch of sprints in Le Tour 2023. For Mark Cavendish the route presentation must have been good news, with a parcours giving him multiple chances to get his record breaking 35th Tour de France stage win. It is also quite surprising to see that three out of the five road stages in the third week of the race will be suited to sprints.

Stage 5

The fifth stage brings the first real climbing test with 3400m elevation gain over the 165 kilometres. The decisive climb will be Col de Marie Blanque, which was used in Stage 9 of the Tour de France 2020 and then included bonus seconds at the top for the first three riders.

Tour de France Stage 5 2023 profile by ASO

The first part of Marie Blanque is easier, while the last four kilometres are above 10%+ gradient.

Col de Marie Blanque profile by ASO

The climbing record is owned by Primož Roglič and Tadej Pogačar who did the climb in 24:35 min at 6.45w/kg. A very impressive performance, being significantly faster than any previous attempt and considering the shallow kilometres at the start of the climb.

Col de Marie Blanque climbing times and w/kg estimations by Naichaca

Pogačar later won the stage from a small group sprint between Roglič, Bernal, Landa and Hirschi who was in the breakaway and was shortly caught before the finish. The group cooperated well in 2020 to keep Porte, Bardet and Uran behind and still only stayed clear narrowly. With 18km from the top of Marie Blanque to the finish it is likely that a larger group of over 10 riders will sprint for the victory and the all important bonus seconds.

Tadej Pogacar (Slovenia / UAE Team Emirates) – Primoz Roglic (Slovenia / Team Jumbo – Visma) pictured during the 107th Tour de France (2.UWT) Stage 9 from Pau > Laruns (153KM) – photo JdM/PN/Cor Vos © 2020

Stage 6

The next day will be a hard stage, which includes the mighty Col du Tourmalet, one of the longest climbs of the race. Given the lack of high mountain stages later in the race, we expect some GC contenders to try and take advantage of the 3750m elevation gain despite it coming early in the race.

Tour de France Stage 6 2023 profile by ASO

Unfortunately the final climb to Cauterets is a stepped climb with recovery periods as opposed to the relentless finish on the Col du Granon that we saw in Stage 11 this year. If Jumbo-Visma wants to fully test Pogačar then they will need to pace hard on Col du Tourmalet (17.1 km, 7.3%) as waiting to the final climb is unlikely to generate any large gaps even if Pogačar is distanced. The Tourmalet is over 45 minutes with a steep second part minimising drafting impact, making it harder than climbs such as Hautacam or Alpe d’Huez.

Profile by ASO

The stage finishes on the Cauterets-Cambasque climb (16km, 5.4%). The selective part will be the second half, which includes a four kilometre section above 10%+ gradient.

Profile by ASO

Stage 9

The next stage of GC interest is Stage 9, which will finish on Puy de Dôme (13.3 km, 7.7%) before the first rest day. The stage is rolling but not particularly difficult beforehand with four climbs that are likely category three classification.

Whilst Puy de Dôme is listed as a 13km climb, in reality the tough part will the last 4.2 km, which averages around 12%. The middle section is fairly easy and it is likely that everyone will wait for the w/kg test in the last part and more valuable bonus seconds if the breakaway has been caught.

Profile by ASO

Stages 10, 11 and 12

The second week of the race begins with two medium mountain stages that will be appealing to breakaway riders like Lennard Kämna or Simon Geschke. For the GC contenders these will be tiring days in potentially hot conditions, but the crest of the final climbs being so far from the finishes means that any serious GC action is unlikely.

Stage 10

There is no profile for Stage 11 but it is supposed to be a sprint stage.

Stage 12

Given the lack of Hors Categorie climbs in the 2023 edition, KOM jersey hopefuls may need to target the breakaway in stages like 10 and 12, as they contain 14 categorised climbs (although most will be category three or below).

Stage 13

The longest mountain top finish in this Tour comes in an otherwise unremarkable and short stage, with a shallow warm up climb before Grand Colombier. In fact, the first bunch sprint stage of the race on Stage 3 has more elevation gain than this stage (2500m vs 2400m).

However it is one of the few long mountain top finishes of the race and with the easy stage beforehand there is likely to be a strong pace set on the climb with very high w/kg as the finish is at only 1501 metres above sea level. The Grand Colombier is irregular, with steeper then flatter sections, unlike a climb like Penas Blancas in the Vuelta this year. The 11th kilometre, which has pinches over 10%+ might be the perfect spot for attacks from the likes of Vingegaard who appears to prefer the longer climbs over Pogačar.

Profile by ASO

Grand Colombier was used in the Tour de France 2020 where Pogačar outsprinted Roglič and Bernal dropped out of GC contention suffering from a back injury.

Tadej Pogacar (Slovenia / UAE Team Emirates) – Primoz Roglic (Slovenia / Team Jumbo – Visma) pictured during the 107th Tour de France (2.UWT) Stage 15 from Lyon > Grand Colombier (174,5KM) – photo Pool/Cor Vos © 2020
Grand Colombier climbing times and w/kg estimations by Naichaca

Stage 14

Stage 14 will be another day in the mountains with 4200m elevation gain for one of the hardest overall stages of the race. The final climb is Col de Joux Plane (11.6km, 8.5%) but the stage will finish with a downhill run to Morzine.

After the crest of Joux Plane there will be a three kilometre flat section followed by a downhill. A satellite rider might be very important on this stage as a solo rider will need to invest a lot of energy to maintain any time advantage on the flat section and the descent.

Profile by ASO

The climbing record is owned by Marco Pantani at 32 minutes and 50 seconds, who set it in 1997. This record will be very hard to break but if the climb is paced hard then Vingegaard might have a chance if he is in his 2022 Tour de France shape and conditions are favourable.

We last saw the Joux Plane with a descent afterwards in the 2021 Criterium du Dauphiné, where Mark Padun with an outstanding performance from the breakaway dropped Guillaume Martin and Patrick Konrad to solo to victory.

Padun stomping Joux Plane – 2022 Dauphiné

Stage 15

This will be the third consecutive mountain day, including 4300m elevation gain and an uphill finish to Saint-Gervais before the second rest day.

The stage finishes on the Le Bettex climb, where in 2016 Tour Romain Bardet won with probably his most impressive performance in his career. Before the final climb there is the Cote des Amerands climb (2.7 km, 11.1%), a very steep wall with a maximum gradient of 17%. If paced hard, it might already completely shatter the GC group and some riders might try to attack. Once again, a satellite rider might be useful after Amerands to help extend a gap, as the first part of Le Bettex is not particularly steep.

Profile by ASO

Stage 16

The only time-trial in the Tour comes with ‘fresh’ legs after the second rest day. It will be 22 kilometres long with 650 metres elevation gain, which is 29,54 metres gained per kilometre. For comparison, the famous Planche des Belle Filles time trial in the Tour de France 2020 had 26,72 metres gained per kilometre. It will be interesting to see what equipment riders opt to use in this time trial, with two climbing sections separated by a downhill/flat of over 10km in the middle of the course.

In 2023 the World Championships will happen shortly after the Tour, which means time-trial specialists like Stefan Kung, Filippo Ganna and Stefan Bisseger should almost certainly skip Le Tour as there are no flat or even hilly time-trials for them to target. Some of them might choose Giro d’Italia, which includes three time trials, only one of which includes a steep climb. For GC riders like Geraint Thomas, Thymen Arensman and Remco Evenepoel the combination of the additional time trial kilometres and weaker field in Italy might persuade them to also skip the Tour.

Stage 17

The queen stage of the Tour will also be the only high mountain stage of the third week, with Stage 17 having a brutal 5400 metres elevation gain across just 166km. It will include the steep Col de la Loze (Souvenir Henri Desgrange). However the stage features a downhill finish to Courchevel and is not the same full climb as was used in the Tour de France 2020. In that edition the climb was 21.4km of nearly continuous climbing averaging 7.7%, coming directly up from Brides-les-Bains.

The 2023 Col de la Loze route goes through Courchevel and so is really a climb of two parts, with a 4.5km flat section in the middle which provides over six minutes of vital recovery.

Profile by ASO

Even so, this is the perfect climb for Vingegaard who will be forced to attack here if Pogacar or any other rider is in the yellow jersey. If the Dane is in his 2022 Tour shape then it will be difficult for anybody to stay with him on this climb, including Miguel Angel Lopez who won on Col de la Loze in 2020, beating Roglič and Pogačar by 15 and 30 seconds respectively.

Stages 18 and 19

Instead of the usual back to back mountain stages in the third week of the race, (e.g. Peyragudes + Hautacam Le Tour ’22 or Covadonga + Gamoniteiru Vuelta ’21), the Tour de France 2023 has two transition / sprint stages for Stage 18 and 19. Only the Stage 19 profile is available, but it looks like the typical transition breakaway stage for rouleurs like Nils Politt or Mohoric.

Stage 19 Profile

Stage 20

The Tour de France has used a time trial on Stage 20 for the last three editions, however in 2023 the riders will face a difficult test in the Vosges mountains. The stage includes Petit Ballon (9.3 km, 8.1%) and Col du Platzerwasel (7.1km, 8.4%), which both were used in the first part of Stage 7 of Tour de France Femmes 2022, where Annemiek van Vleuten dropped everyone and soloed to a huge victory.

Both climbs are back to back and above 8% but even so it will be hard to make huge gaps alone. The last seven kilometres of the stage are false flat and it is very likely that GC riders will come back before the finish or at least the gaps might be reduced. Once again, a satellite rider could be very important in maximising or minimising time gaps if the race explodes on Platzerwasel.

Profile by ASO

By the finish in Le Markstein we will know the winner of the Tour de France 2023, with the customary procession and sprint stage in Paris to follow the next day.

Final Thoughts

The 2023 parcours lacks the epic mountain top finishes like Granon, Alpe d’Huez or Hautacam that featured in 2022 and were preceded by difficult climbs. The Grand Colombier, Cauterets-Cambasque and Puy de Dôme stages are the only ones finishing with a longer climb but they all occur in the first week, with only the Cauterets climb being preceded by a difficult climb (Tourmalet). The most difficult stages like Col de Joux Plane or Col de la Loze contain a downhill finish that has the potential to neutralise the GC action if riders do not want to take big risks on the descent. Despite this, plenty of stages provide enough of a platform for GC riders to attack, with many climbs being more difficult than their average gradient suggests, such as the finish on Le Bettex. Bonus seconds could play a big part in the race, with many stages likely decided by a small group sprint of the GC contenders.

We consider that the 2022 winner Jonas Vingegaard should still be the favourite to win the Tour after the parcours has been made public, however since the presentation in Paris bookmakers moved the odds in favour of Pogačar. Many might have written off Roglič’ chances to win the Tour but if he can avoid crashing then he can be competitive on this course. Whilst Evenepoel, Vingegaard, Roglič and Pogačar are all great time-trial specialists, the lack of time-trial kilometres does not really affect their ability to win the race against each other (perhaps Evenepoel has a slight time trial edge). For someone like Enric Mas this might be his best opportunity to podium the Tour if he can arrive in his Vuelta 2022 shape. Juan Ayuso reportedly might go to Vuelta in 2023 but this course also suits him very well. It will be interesting to see how UAE Emirates approach Le Tour 2023 compared to 2022. Will they try and win every Grand Tour by splitting Ayuso, Almeida, Yates and Pogacar across different races or will they pair Pogačar with a co-leader to challenge Jumbo-Visma.

You can see the full route graphical overview here:

The Greatest Teenage Climber in History – Juan Ayuso

Juan Ayuso became the second youngest rider in history to finish on a Grand Tour podium at the Vuelta 2022, with Henri Cornet being the youngest as the winner of the Tour de France in 1904. At only 19 years old, the Spaniard proved that he already is one of the best GC riders and climbers in the world, pushing higher watts per kg than Pogačar, Evenepoel or Uijtdebroeks were capable of at the same age.

Ayuso in the Spring of the 2022 season already showed glimpses of great potential in Tour de Romandie and Volta a Catalunya where he finished fourth and fifth in the GC. However in both of those races Ayuso did not produce anything like the high w/kg performances achieved in La Vuelta later in the season. This may be explained by the lack of suitable climbs for high w/kg performances in Catalunya and Romandie, such as La Molina, with the exception being the Romandie mountain time-trial where Ayuso finished eighth, losing 1 minute and 25 seconds to Aleksandr Vlasov.

Peak Performances

Juan Ayuso stepped up in his home race, producing almost all of his peak climbing performances throughout the three weeks. Below in his peak performances graph every performance is from La Vuelta 2022 except Colle Passerino, which is from U23 Giro d’Italia 2021.

Best Climbing Performances of Juan Ayuso – Lanterne Rouge x CyclingGraphs

Ayuso already in 2021 showed great climbing potential on Colle Passerino at 18 years old, beating Tobias Halland Johannessen (3 years older) and Ben Healy by 48 seconds on a rather short climb. Ayuso even set a new climbing record on the climb of 13 minutes and 40 seconds, being 24 seconds faster than Bernal, Landa, Ciccone and Carthy in Stage 4 of the Giro d’Italia 2021. The difficulty before Colle Passerino was not even that easy as riders needed to push around 3000 kilojoules for more than three hours before the climb – quite high for an under 23 race.

Pico Jano, which was the first real mountain test of La Vuelta, was the breakout climbing performance in a World-Tour race for Ayuso. He beat Roglič, Hindley, Almeida and other GC contenders group by 42 seconds and finished fourth on this hard day where Vine and Evenepoel set blazing fast times. The stage was wet and cool compared to usual Spanish summer temperatures. Although Ayuso is Spanish, he appears to perform really well in the cold and wet, which he already proved in Volta a Catalunya earlier this year, whilst initially he struggled with the heat in the early Vuelta stages in the Basque country, nearly dropping from a group of 40+ riders on Stage 4.

San Miguel de Aguayo – Spain – cycling – Juan Ayuso (ESP – UAE Team Emirates) pictured during 77th La Vuelta ciclista a Espa–a (2.UWT) – stage 6 Bilbao > Ascensi—n al Pico Jano San Miguel de Aguayo (181.2km) – Photo: Luis Angel Gomez/SCA/Cor Vos © 2022

Ayuso’s most impressive pure w/kg performance was the climb to Peñas Blancas, where he finished together with Evenepoel, Roglič and Mas. However many riders achieved high w/kg that day due to the perfect conditions:

  • very easy stage before the climb with low kilojoules;
  • low altitude;
  • no hard stages since the previous rest day;
  • no extreme temperatures; and
  • Jumbo-Visma pacing a steady hard pace from the base of the climb.
Best Climbing Performances of Juan Ayuso with difficulty pre climb – Lanterne Rouge x CyclingGraphs

On stage 9 Les Praeres finish Ayuso was second fastest from GC climbers on the rampas inhumanas climb, outclimbing Enric Mas and Primož Roglič on pure w/kg test, proving that he can perform well also in hot conditions and hard stages even with sub-optimal tactics attacking Evenepoel from the base of the steep climb.

How Ayuso Compares to Evenepoel at 19

The winner of La Vuelta 2022, Remco Evenepoel, was himself a teenage prodigy in cycling, winning the Junior World Championships 2018 and Clasica San Sebastian at 19 years old. During the Vuelta, Bora Hansgrohe’s star Cian Uijtdebroeks was also busy at 19 years old winning the Tour de l’Avenir with ease. However neither Uijtdebroeks nor Evenepoel have performed near the peak climbing level or with the same volume of top class climbing performances as Ayuso in their teenage years.

Best Climbing Performances of Juan Ayuso – Lanterne Rouge x CyclingGraphs

Evenepoel in 2019 produced his best performance on a unipuerto stage in the Tour of Turkey, where he finished fourth losing to Großschartner, Conti and Kudus on the Kartepe climb. Conditions were perfect and this was Evenepoel’s best pure w/kg performance until the Tour of Norway 2022. In 2019 he did not do too many extended climbs, with a race program centred around hilly races or time-trials rather than mountains.

Uijtdebroeks this year became the youngest ever winner of Tour de l’Avenir with some top class performances, which we analysed in detail here. Juan Ayuso started in l’Avenir last year but crashed out, missing out on the chance to become the youngest winner ever. Uijtdebroeks’ climbing level on 20+minute climbs is around the same level as Evenepoel’s in 2019, but not in the same league as Ayuso, however in 2023 Uijtdebroeks should make more progress and will be competitive in GC at World-Tour races.

Ayuso Compared to Pogačar’s Vuelta 2019

Ayuso’s teammate Tadej Pogačar already showed great climbing skills as a teenager in Tour of Slovenia 2018 against WorldTour level climbers but Ayuso has progressed at a much faster age. Whilst both riders are born in September, in Pogačar’s second under 23 year he was still riding mostly under 23 races and won Tour de l’Avenir 2018. Pogačar made huge progress as a 20 year old in 2019, winning Algarve, Tour of California GC and finishing third in La Vuelta with three stage wins but he was a year older than Ayuso was in La Vuelta 2022. It is hard to definitively say who was the better climber in their first participation in La Vuelta, with Pogačar’s peak performances slightly better under 20 minutes but with Ayuso producing many more top-class performances. For example, on pure w/kg climbs such as Los Machucos and Santuario del Acebo Pogačar performed above the level of Ayuso on Les Praeres, but he underperformed on Mas de la Costa, losing 51 seconds to Valverde and Roglič.

Juan Ayuso vs Tadej Pogačar 2019 La Vuelta – Lanterne Rouge x CyclingGraphs

Perhaps Pogačar’s best performance was in Stage 9, which finished in Andorra. The final part of the wet stage was three climbs with a short downhill and a gravel section, which makes it hard to estimate this performance however it was an early sign of Pogačar’s ability to repeat top level climbing performances between 10 and 25 minutes duration after only short rest between them.

  • Comella: 6,44 w/kg for 11:44min
  • Engolasters: 6,17 w/kg for 13:45
  • Cortals d’Encamp: 5,99 w/kg for 16:45

2019 La Vuelta Stage 9 final three climbs

Ayuso has now turned 20 years old and we expect he will improve in the future. If cycling were like football, Ayuso’s market value would be very high due to his young age, proven top-class performances across an entire Grand Tour (Pico Jano to Piornal) and being a Spaniard fluent in English (Ayuso grew up in the United States). With UAE having him under contract until the end of 2028, they have secured at least a top five most valuable rider in the peloton for the best part of a decade. They have a difficult decision on their hands for next year, do they send Ayuso to the Tour de France after his breakout Vuelta like they did with Pogačar in 2020 or will he target his home race again. Whatever they choose, do not be surprised to see Ayuso winning big WorldTour races in the spring next year.

The Final Relegation Battle 2022 Analysis | Sink or Swim

The exciting 2022 season has officially ended, although we have known for a few weeks that Lotto Soudal and Israel – Premier Tech would be the two relegated teams. Therefore, in this final article we are going to focus on analysing the keys of the relegation battle, thanks to a series of graphs that will help us understand how each team has faced this challenge.

For many teams the relegation battle has changed the way they approach a season. For many fans it has also changed the way they follow the sport, and the attention to the results of minor races has multiplied. Some have enjoyed this “points war” and others have lamented that more attention has been paid to the points than to the purely sporting aspects. We have tried to explain the situation as clearly as possible and, as the UCI has kept the ranking secret, we have become the source consulted by thousands of cycling fans and workers. It has been a pleasure to receive your feedback on social media and in the comments all these months.

Final Standings

Finally, 1000 and 2000 points have separated Lotto Soudal and Israel – Premier Tech from salvation respectively. Both teams have suffered several injuries and illnesses during the season, but this should not be an excuse for their relegation. Arkéa have held on without Nairo Quintana and Nacer Bouhanni in the second half of the season, BikeExchange lost Simon Yates in the Giro (twice) and Vuelta, most of the EF was sick in the spring and Enric Mas (Movistar) crashed multiple times until the Tour whilst in good position in GC. The final result has rewarded the teams that have had better performing riders and, importantly, who have used them more effectively.

With the exception of Israel, all the relegation-threatened teams have scored more points in 2022 than in 2021, making the fight for salvation toughest (and likely most expensive) in the final year of the triennium. The UCI calendar in the first year in 2020 was so affected by COVID that it is difficult to compare that year to the others side-by-side. However a team like Arkéa-Samsic still sent Bouhanni to a smorgasbord of the profitable one-day races that were available, whilst EF only attended WorldTour level races when cycling returned after lockdown.

In January of this year, former Lotto Soudal CEO John Lelangue explained in Wielerflits that he was confident of finishing in the top 18 without changing Ewan’s schedule and that they would not focus on points, as they would come naturally. In reality, many of the teams at risk did not take the risk of relegation seriously until very late in 2022 or perhaps they did not think that the UCI would stand firm with its regulations. Israel-Premier tech, Lotto Soudal, BikeExchange – Jacyo, EF Education-Easypost and Movistar were either complacent or ignorant of the relegation threat and then had to radically change their planning with the season already underway. On the other hand, Cofidis, Intermarché and Arkéa did think about points from the start of the triennium and have used that competitive advantage to finish in the top 18.

In the following interactive graph, we show the evolution of the gap to the relegation or salvation zone for each threatened team. By clicking on the name of each team, the line for that particular team is highlighted. We can see that Lotto and Israel were very close to the salvation zone during the Tour, but have deflated in the second half of the season. In fact, Israel have been by far the worst WorldTeam since the end of the Tour de France, despite the fact that the calendar suited the characteristics of its riders. This last week, the team did not even travel to the Japan Cup, where it was invited, after the lamentable image shown in the Italian classics.

In addition, Israel will be without automatic wildcards for the 2023 WorldTour stage races, such as the Giro, Tour and Vuelta. Their horrible season has landed them in the worst situation imaginable and it is uncertain if owner Sylvan Adams will complain to the UCI or the Court of Arbitration for Sport as a last resort to try to keep their licence. In that sense, EF manager Jonathan Vaughters has tweeted that "Israel will almost certainly win their case against UCI in CAS", because not all the teams competed in the same events and indeed some teams were denied access to certain races. Just last week, Vaughters published an article in VeloNews with some proposals to improve the current promotion and relegation system.

Where did the teams score?

As Vaughters says, not all teams have competed in the same races, although it is true that WorldTeams tend to be invited to most of the minor races they apply for. The teams that have wanted to compete more have been able to do so, and proof of this is that all the teams at risk have extended their race programme. The most striking case is that of Lotto Soudal, which have competed in 46 more races than last year, and even had to sign Van Rensburg and Barbero with the season underway in order to cover the entire calendar, despite showing no interest in Simon Clarke (a revelation for Israel) when he was searching for a contract in the off-season. They also missed a great opportunity to sign Andrea Piccolo, who was released from Gazprom after the team could no longer compete due to the war in Ukraine, and then went on to score over 700 UCI points in Drone Hopper and EF.

As the WorldTour races are mandatory, all these additions are minor races on the continental calendar, which has been key in the relegation battle. In fact, only 23% of Lotto's points were added in the WorldTour, 24% for Arkéa and 29% for Cofidis. On the other hand, DSM have changed its calendar the least, but have been able to score more than 3000 points in the WorldTour, especially with Bardet and Arensman, which has allowed them to manage their gap to the relegation zone. Still, without Arensman and Kragh Andersen next year, DSM are clear favourites for relegation in the next WorldTour licence cycle.

DSM were also the only team at risk to score more points in stage races than in one-day races. One-day races are the most profitable in terms of points and that is what has given Lotto hope, thanks to the eight 1.1 classics won by De Lie. Even a climber like Guillaume Martin (Cofidis) has scored more points in one-day races (718) than in stage races (550), adapting to the needs of his team. The following graph also shows the poor season of Israel, the second worst team in both classics and stage races.

The top scorers

At the request of a Twitter comment, we are also going to analyse who have been the key riders for each team in this relegation battle. As you can see in the graph below, the leaders of most of the teams at risk have improved their points performance in 2022, except for Lotto and Israel, the two relegated teams. De Lie's miracle has not been enough for Lotto because of the poor seasons of Wellens and Ewan, but the worsened performances of Nizzolo and Woods in Israel have been even more dramatic. If both had scored the same points as they did in 2021, Israel would have retained their WorldTour licence. However the mistakes do not end there. One of Israel's top scorers in 2021, Hugo Hofstetter, transferred to relegation rival Arkéa-Samsic for 2022, scoring 1217 points as the French team's top scorer whilst Dan Martin retired. With the addition of just Hofstetter or Martin's 2021 points in 2022, Israel likely would have at least kept the automatic 2023 WorldTour wildcard over TotalEnergies.

In addition to De Lie, we must also value the neoprofessional Axel Zingle, who scored 935 unexpected points for Cofidis. Another interesting detail is the great performance improvement of Matthews and Groenewegen, the two "heroes" of BikeExchange's salvation. It should be remembered that Groenewegen was a last-minute signing for 2022, following an agreement in December between BikeExchange and Jumbo-Visma. Without Groenewegen, BikeExchange would be only 57 points ahead of Lotto Soudal in the standings. In just one season, the Dutchman has finished in BikeExchange's top-3 cyclists in the 2020-2022 cycle, as you can see in the chart below.

Reading the table, you can see that the real MVP of the triennium has been Alejandro Valverde, scoring 4693 UCI points across the three years at over 40 years old. If Valverde had decided to retire earlier, Movistar would probably have been relegated, as the middle class of the team has not been up to the mark until the last months of 2022. That said, since the end of the 2022 Tour de France, Movistar have been the third highest scoring team in terms of UCI points, showing admirable resilience in the face of a very delicate situation in Spain, with many fans mocking the team this past summer. The team will be hoping that new signings Fernando Gaviria and Ruben Guerreiro can go some way to replacing Valverde's points in 2023 whilst they presumably chase the marquee signing of INEOS' Carlos Rodriguez for 2024 onwards.

For teams like Cofidis and Arkéa-Samsic, the next triennium will be even more difficult to stay in WorldTour. Arkéa's top scorer Quintana had his contract extension cancelled after his tramadol case and, most importantly, two big rivals for the 2026 WorldTour licence are French with deep pockets - TotalEnergies and B&B Hotels x New Sponsor. Points on the French circuit will be harder to come by not just from Total and B&B though, with Uno-X improving, Lotto and Israel chasing the annual wildcards and presumably vulnerable WorldTour teams paying more attention to the continental calendar throughout the triennium than they did in 2020 and 2021.

You may think that the points battle fun is over on this website for the time being, and you are partially correct. It is unlikely we will proceed with the fortnightly updates next year however periodic updates and a tracker (perhaps not daily, for Raúl's sake) will continue. In the short-term, during this off-season we will publish a preview piece on the vulnerable teams for the next licence cycle, analysing their roster construction, calendar and things that need to change.

Editor’s Note: I would like to thank Raúl Banqueri for these outstanding articles throughout the year and for being a pleasure to work with. He has made what could be an esoteric subject with opaque rules engaging and accessible to a large number of people and the cycling industry itself. Special thanks also goes to Louemans for the unique feature artwork once again - they always makes me chuckle.

Lotto Soudal Gives Up and will be Relegated with Israel-Premier Tech | Relegation Battle

The WorldTour calendar has concluded and we can already safely say that Lotto Soudal and Israel-Premier Tech will be the two relegated teams if the UCI implements its regulations.* Unfortunately, the relegation battle did not make it to the Tour de Langkawi alive, after a disastrous management by Lotto Soudal in the last few weeks. Although they were unlucky, it seems that the Belgians gave up too soon, not fielding Caleb Ewan in the last month of competition and even announcing the dismissal of CEO John Lelangue when the team still had a chance of salvation.

The Past Two Weeks

With a difference of 1170 points between Lotto and Arkéa-Samsic and only five races to go, Lotto Soudal’s relegation is already a certainty, although not yet mathematically. Lotto will take part in the last five races, while Arkéa have already finished its season after being rejected in the Japan Cup and the last two Italian classics, according to our sources. For this reason, there was some concern in recent weeks in the French team, but in the end those trips would not have been necessary.

With the situation already defined, VeloNews has reported that some Lotto Soudal and Israel – Premier Tech riders are “looking to terminate their contracts and jump ship to rival teams”. All contracts for WorldTour riders permit a rider to terminate their contract with their WorldTour team should they lose their WorldTour licence – but is it likely that there will be a mass exodus from the unlucky two teams? Other teams have already signed the majority of their roster for 2023 and do not have much spare budget floating around in late October. On the other hand, if the riders remain on their relegated teams (and those teams continue to exist), they will not be required to accept a decrease in salary. Perhaps in the case of young stars on cheap neo-pro deals like Arnaud de Lie and Corbin Strong, there is an opportunity to rip up their current contracts to sign bigger ones elsewhere but Lotto-Soudal still have wildcards to every WorldTour race in 2023 and Ewan and De Lie have already stated that they will remain with the team.

Corbin Strong (Neuseeland / Team Israel Premier Tech) pictured during Kampioenschap van Vlaanderen – Photo: Tim van Wichelen/Cor Vos © 2022

It is more likely that one of Israel’s ‘stars’ like Jakob Fuglsang will want to leave the team, as they will not have automatic wildcards for any WorldTour stage race in 2023, including the Grand Tours. However one of the main reasons Israel-Premier tech have been relegated was their contingent of older and well-paid riders’ inability to perform at the necessary level, so such riders will likely have to accept a pay-cut if they chase guaranteed WorldTour stage racing elsewhere.

As you can see, our predictive model no longer gives Lotto Soudal any chance of salvation. However, with Moniquet, Campenaerts, Kron, Wellens, Van Gils and Cras racing this week, there is still a miraculous combination for Lotto to score more than the 1170 UCI points deficit. In practice it is an impossible combination, and besides, none of the six is in top physical form right now.

It is true that Lotto have suffered from the physical problems or injuries of Wellens, Moniquet and Cras, but neither Kron or Van Gils have finished in good shape, so the physical preparation has not been optimal. On the other hand, Ewan’s absence from racing since 16 September has been justified by “illness” in a simple tweet. From the outside, it seems that Lotto did not believe in their chances of a comeback in the final part of the season or they decided that relegation with guaranteed wildcards in 2023 was not that bad an outcome. Another sign of this was the announcement that Gilbert would retire after Paris-Tours, instead of extending to the Japan Cup or the Veneto classics, where he could score points to save the team.

In the last fortnight, Lotto has even been the at-risk team that has scored the fewest points. Planned races for Ewan, such as the Münsterland Giro (1.Pro) and the Kempen Classic (1.1), were left leaderless, instead of fielding the fast Jasper De Buyst, who remained as De Lie’s gregario. The team also went into the Coppa Bernocchi (1.Pro) and the Gran Piemonte (1.Pro) without a leader, where De Buyst himself or even Philippe Gilbert could have been a contender. In addition, De Lie had bad luck crashing in the last corner of the Famenne Ardenne (1.1) and again in the Paris – Tours (1.Pro). Luck has not been on Lotto’s side, but the sporting management of the last part of the season is very questionable.

On the other hand, their rival Arkéa did do their homework, especially with the double top 5 of Capiot and Hofstetter in the Famenne Ardenne (145 pts) and the triple top 10 of Louvel, Capiot and Hofstetter in the Paris - Tours (125 points in total). And Cofidis, which started the fortnight with a margin of less than 900 points over Lotto, also cleared any doubts about relegation by winning the Famenne Classic with Zingle and the Tour de Vendée with Coquard on the same Sunday.

In the interactive graphic below you can see which 10 riders contribute points for each team. As there are no more teams at risk, in this update we include the top 22 teams of the season, as well as TotalEnergies, which has beaten Israel in the battle for wildcards to the complete 2023 WorldTour calendar. By clicking on the name of the team, a graph opens with the points of each rider of that particular team.

2023 Wildcards

The fight for the 2023 WorldTour wilcards, decided by the 2022 annual ranking, has also been settled ahead of time. Lotto Soudal and TotalEnergies will have the invitations to all 2023 WorldTour races, while Israel - Premier Tech will only have the invitations to the one-day WorldTour races.

Israel travelled to the Italian classics with names like Woods, Fuglsang, Teuns and Nizzolo, but their most repeated results have been DNFs. Consequently, Sylvan Adams' team has not been able to bounce back to TotalEnergies and will have to rely on wildcards at the discretion of the race organisers to attend the Giro, Tour and Vuelta in 2023. The performance of their leaders at the end of the season has been horrendous, especially considering that they have not had very busy calendars. Without knowing all the internal details, it does not seem that the atmosphere within the team is too pleasant.

The position of Lotto Soudal and TotalEnergies is the most privileged for 2023, as they have the right to participate in all WorldTour races, but can reject those they are not interested in. If Lotto or Total refuse to participate in the Giro or Vuelta, the free wildcard would not automatically go to Israel, but would go to the organisers, who could invite another national team should they wish. In the image below, we summarise the participation of teams in the Grand Tours in 2023.

In 2023, Lotto Soudal, TotalEnergies and Israel - Premier Tech will again compete against each other for the two invitations to the entire 2024 WorldTour, so the pressure for points will remain constant on those teams. In addition, Uno-X and B&B could join the mix with Uno-X's signing of Kristoff and B&B's likely signing of Cavendish and other riders with a new sponsor rumoured to be on-board.

The Final Week | 10 October – 18 October

This week we will have the last five races of the season, which would have been key if the relegation battle had been evenly matched up to this point. Many of the teams that were at risk of relegation, such as Movistar or Cofidis, would now prefer to save the trip to Asia, but at least these races will benefit from having a good participation of WorldTeams.

Races:

  1. Le Tour de Langkawi (2.Pro, 11/10 – 18/10)
  2. Giro del Veneto (1.1, 12/10)
  3. Veneto Classic (1.1, 16/10)
  4. Japan Cup (1.Pro, 16/10)
  5. Chrono des Nations (1.1, 16/10)

As previously mentioned, Lotto Soudal will participate in all five races and, thanks to this, they have a mathematical (although unrealistic) chance to be saved. On 16 October, the team will be participating in four races at the same time (Langkawi, Veneto, Japan and Chrono des Nations), while most WorldTeams have already finished their season.

Although it is no longer of major importance, it is unlikely that Israel - Premier Tech could have participated in the Tour de Langkawi for geopolitical reasons, as Malaysia has frequently barred Israeli teams from competing in their sports tournaments. It would have been an interesting situation if Israel - Premier Tech could have made it to the final week with a chance of salvation and the Malaysian Ministry of Home Affairs held the keys to guaranteed Tour de France attendance for the next three years.

The final instalment of our 2022 relegation battle coverage will be after the conclusion of Langkawi, with an overall season review of how each team fared in the battle. We would also like to thank you for your engagement with these fortnightly updates throughout the year, the readership has been tremendous.

Editor’s Note: This article was prepared by Raúl Banqueri with contributions from the Editor, Patrick Broe. The cover artwork is by Louemans.

*The sporting criterion based on UCI points is not the only factor the UCI assesses when awarding WorldTour licences - there are also ethical and financial considerations which theoretically precede the application of the sporting criterion. Unfortunately one also cannot forget the near annual occurrence of a WorldTour team folding due to lack of sponsorship like Qhubeka in 2021 as well as the possibility of a team selling its licence, like CCC did to Intermarché.

Israel – Premier Tech is Virtually Relegated whilst the World Championships Save EF & BikeExchange | Relegation Battle

The last two weeks of classics and the World Championships have clarified the situation in the relegation battle. Movistar, BikeExchange and EF have practically secured their WorldTour status, so now Cofidis and Arkéa, tied on points, seem to be the only teams within Lotto’s reach, although it will be a very difficult mission for the Belgians. On the other hand, Israel – Premier Tech has not found a miracle and will not be a WorldTour team in 2023 if the UCI does implement the relegation system.

The Past Two Weeks

Contrary to our expectations, Lotto’s gap to Cofidis has widened to 893 points after the last fortnight and the gap is greater than 1000 points from EF Education – Easypost. With only 8% of the 2022 points still to be distributed, it is even complicated for Lotto to score more than 1000 points in these last 3 weeks of the season. At least they have Caleb Ewan and Arnaud De Lie in good form, but both need to win or finish on the podium in all their remaining races, and supplement that with more points from Campenaerts, Kron or De Buyst. We must remember that Wellens is recovering from heart problems and Moniquet has recently suffered a hand injury.

With this situation, we have updated our predictive model, based on the expected calendars of each team at risk, their riders with scoring potential and 100,000 simulations. The model predicts Israel’s relegation with a 99.98% probability, while Lotto’s relegation probabilities have increased dramatically to 80.52%. Arkéa maintains an 11.49% chance of not being promoted, while Cofidis’ chances of relegation have been reduced to just 5.39%.

While Lotto and Cofidis will take part in almost every race until the end of the season, Arkéa will have a reduced calendar, which increases their chances of being left out of the top 18 teams. Their top 10 cyclists with the most points include Bouhanni, injured since April, and Quintana, pending his legal claim at the Tribunal Arbitral du Sport. Therefore, they cannot cover such an extensive calendar and, in addition, have also been turned down for several races in which they wanted to participate in the following weeks.

BikeExchange and EF have emerged triumphant from the last fortnight, especially thanks to the World Championships. Matthews’ bronze in the road race brought 400 points to BikeExchange, but the team added 170 more UCI points in the mixed relay thanks to the medals of Matthews, Durbridge and Sobrero as well as 275 more by Groenewegen back in Europe in minor races. Meanwhile, EF shone in the Italian classics with Chaves and Eiking, but also scored more than 400 points in Australia, with Bissegger’s fifth in the ITT (125 pts), his gold in the TTT (100 pts) and Bettiol’s eigth in the road race (150 pts).

Without riders in the World Championships, Cofidis also performed well above expectations, driven by Simone Consonni, winner of the Paris-Chauny (125 pts) and seventh in the Primus Classic (60 pts), and Guillaume Martin, ninth in the Giro della Toscana (25 pts) and third in the Coppa Sabatini (125 pts). The commitment of Guillaume Martin, who competed in the Italian classics only 3 days after racing in Canada, is remarkable. He has had a busy season since January and is expected to race the rest of the Italian classics and the Japan Cup.

Guillaume Martin (France / Team Cofidis) pictured during Tour de lÕAin 2022 – stage 2 – Saint-Vulbas > Lagnieu (144 km) – Photo: Tommaso Pelagalli/SCA/Cor Vos © 2022

At the other end of the spectrum is Israel, whose leaders Fuglsang, Woods and Nizzolo have continued to disappoint. The team scored only 113 points in the last fortnight, so they are virtually relegated and also with remote chances of getting wildcards for next season’s WorldTour calendar. Without guaranteed WorldTour racing, Fuglsang told Danish publication BT that he may break his contract with Israel, which runs until 2024.

“Yes, it could be. Or I could try to find something else. If we get relegated and I have to stay and ride smaller races and do the Tour of Rwanda, then I could say, ‘You know what, I’ve had a good career.’ But let’s see what happens”.

Crashes and illness have once again put the brakes on Lotto Soudal’s comeback, and time is running out for them. After finishing second in the Kampioenschap van Vlaanderen (85 pts), Ewan missed the GP d’Isbergues, the Omloop van het Houtland and Paris-Chauny due to illness. In addition, a crash at the end of the Primus Classic (1.Pro) dropped De Lie, favourite for the victory, losing 200 potential UCI points. And, unfortunately, the Pantani Memorial was cancelled due to extreme rain, where Kron could have made a top 10 for Lotto and Arkéa was not competing. Mathematically, they still have a chance of salvation, but they will need a significant amount of luck and one of Arkéa or Cofidis to crumble.

The cancelled Memorial Marco Pantani – Photo: Massimo Fulgenzi/SCA/Cor Vos © 2022

In Lotto’s biggest rival, Arkéa – Samsic, Frenchman Kévin Vauquelin has stood out, second in the Tour Luxembourg (165 pts), just seconds away from victory. At the age of 21 and as a neo-professional, Vauquelin has already brought 624 UCI points to the team, surely unexpected. The sprinters Hofstetter and Capiot have also scored 75 and 70 points respectively on the basis of top 10 finishes in the French and Belgian .1 classics, helping to stabilise the gap with the relegation zone.

In the interactive graphic below you can see which 10 riders contribute points for each team at risk, including TotalEnergies, which is in battle with Israel for the 2023 wildcards.. By clicking on the name of the team, a graph opens with the points of each rider of that particular team.

2023 Wildcards

If Lotto’s likely relegation materializes, they will at least be assured of one of the two wildcards to the entire 2023 WorldTour calendar, distributed based on solely the 2022 ranking. Lotto’s situation will be the same as Alpecin’s the last two seasons, so relegation would not be too dramatic for the Belgian team. Also, with fast riders like Ewan and De Lie, it would be normal for Lotto to keep the wildcards for the following seasons as well.

The other wildcard is still in contention between TotalEnergies and Israel, with TotalEnergies holding a 979 UCI points advantage after Sagan’s seventh place in Wollongong. Although virtually relegated, Israel has to keep chasing points to try to overtake TotalEnergies in the 2022 ranking. If they fail to do so, they could be left out of the Giro, Tour and Vuelta in 2023, as they will depend on the decisions of the organisers, who only have 2 wildcards in their hands. The Giro and Vuelta will supposedly invite two of their national teams, while the Tour would invite B&B but would have another invitation available for a non-French team, as TotalEnergies would be guaranteed a spot on sporting merit. It is therefore likely that Israel will fight for the 2023 Tour invitation against Uno-X and Euskaltel-Euskadi, due to the start in Euskadi.

The Next 2 Weeks | 26 September – 9 October

After a few quiet days, the autumn classics action returns on Thursday the 29th. In total, we will have 14 races, with the Lombardia monument and 6 ProSeries classics that will distribute a lot of points. In the table below, you can see the teams at risk participating in each race, eliminating Movistar, virtually saved, and adding TotalEnergies, which will cover most of the remaining calendar in their dispute with Israel for the 2023 wildcards.

Races:

  1. CRO Race (2.1, 27/09 – 02/10)
  2. Coppa Agostoni (1.1, 29/09)
  3. Giro dell’Emilia (1.Pro, 01/10)
  4. Tour de Vendée (1.1, 02/10)
  5. Famenne Ardenne Classic (1.1, 02/10)
  6. Sparkassen Münsterland Giro (1.Pro, 03/10)
  7. Coppa Bernocchi (1.Pro, 03/10)
  8. Tre Valli Varesine (1.Pro, 04/10)
  9. Binche – Chimay – Binche (1.1, 04/10)
  10. Paris – Bourges (1.1, 06/10)
  11. Gran Piemonte (1.Pro, 06/10)
  12. Il Lombardia (1.UWT, 08/10)
  13. Paris – Tours (1.Pro, 09/10)
  14. Kempen Classic (1.1, 09/10)

As mentioned, Lotto will split Ewan and De Lie in the flat classics, although it’s not easy to complete the puzzle to maximise points. The Coppa Bernocchi (1.Pro) and Gran Piemonte (1.Pro) in Italy may also finish in a sprint, but Ewan is expected to ride the Sparkassen Münsterland Giro (1.Pro) and Paris – Bourges (1.1) on the same days, while De Lie would compete only in the Belgian and French races. Maybe De Buyst should cover those two Italian classics, even if De Lie would be without his best lead-out man. Also, the Paris – Tours with sterrato could suit Campenaerts and Gilbert well, in the last race of his professional career.

Arnaud De Lie victory during the 95th Schaal Sels Cycling race pictured during the Schaal Sels Cycling race.2022 in Merksem, Belgium – Photo: Gregory van Gansen/PN/Cor Vos © 2022

To resist Lotto’s push, Arkéa will rely on Barguil, Gesbert, Vauquelin for the Italian classics and Hofstetter, Capiot, McLay, Louvel and Swift for the French and Belgian classics. If they manage to be regularly in the top 10 of the races in which they participate, they will be able to keep Lotto behind. In any case, to be comfortable, Arkéa must come out of the Lombardia and Paris-Tours weekend with a wide lead (at least 400 points or so) over Lotto, as the Belgians will travel to Langkawi and Japan in the last week of the season, while Arkéa will supposedly not fly to Asia.

Cofidis will continue to exploit Guillaume Martin in the Italian classics, where Jesús Herrada will also join them. In addition, they will take advantage of having four sprinters (Coquard, Consonni, Walscheid and Allegaert) in their top 10 to spread them out covering all the classics in the next fortnight and sprinting with several riders at the same time. The French team will only miss the 2.1 CRO Race, which with six stages is not profitable in terms of points per race day.

BikeExchange and EF are practically saved, but it is possible that they need some more points to confirm their permanence. In that sense, BikeExchange will rely on Groenewegen’s consistency in the flat classics, while Simon Yates is expected to take part in the Italian classics. EF will take a very complete team in the Italian classics and, like Lotto and Cofidis, will travel to Langkawi and Japan in the last week of the season, so they should add several hundred points by the end of the season.

As for the dispute between TotalEnergies and Israel for the 2023 wildcards, Israel’s chances are that Teuns and Woods will be regularly on the podium in the Italian classics, including Lombardia, and that Nizzolo will regain his power in the sprints. In any case, Total should be able to defend their lead with riders capable of scoring points such as Boasson Hagen, Van Gestel, Simon or Turgis.

We will return with our next update on the 10th of October, after the conclusion of the Il Lombardia.

Editor’s Note: This article was prepared by Raúl Banqueri with contributions from the Editor, Patrick Broe. The cover artwork is by Louemans.

How Tobias Foss Shocked Everyone in the World Championships Time Trial | Watts Analysis

Almost no one expected Tobias Foss to win the World Championships’ time-trial, but huge upsets in sports sometimes happen – particularly after long travel to the other side of the world. Sunday was the performance of Foss’ career delivering an evenly paced ride with a huge final sector to shatter Stefan Küng’s rainbow dreams.

Results powered by FirstCycling.com

The World Championships’ time trial for both men and women took place on a 34.2km course around Wollongong, featuring two repetitions of a virtually identical 17km circuit. The speed of the course was not expected to be blazing fast like the point to point flat time trial in Alicante in the Vuelta a few weeks ago or indeed the flat course in Leuven last year. With just under 10 metres of altitude gain per kilometre and numerous corners, pacing would be crucial for setting a fast time.

Foss’ pacing strategy was perfect. He did 413 watts in the first lap and 417 watts in the second lap. Sometimes riders in long hilly time-trials like today pace the first lap too hard, which happened in Filippo Ganna’s case. The Italian started too hard and blew up. The French champion Bruno Armirail for example did 18 watts more in the first lap than in the second.

Tobias Foss’ WCH time-trial watts

Küng was faster than Foss by 2 seconds to the first checkpoint (T1) and 9 seconds faster from T1 to T2. With a 11 second advantage it seemed that Küng would finally win a big time-trial in his career ahead of Ganna and Evenepoel after multiple close calls but unfortunately for FDJ’s big Swiss, he faded in the last 10 minutes (like he did in Leuven last year), finishing second by just 3 seconds.

Split times. Source: procyclingstats.com

From the second checkpoint to the finish Küng lost 14 seconds to Foss in less than 10 kilometres. Foss did an amazing last quarter but it was also Küng who underperformed (unless this was part of his pacing plan), being by only fifth fastest in this section, while he was the fastest in T1 and from T1 to T2.

T2 to finish times. Source: procyclingstats.com

Foss did save some huge watts for the final part. In the final 4.3 kilometres he produced 446 watts, his best 5 minute power in the race.

Foss’ best 5 minute power

To emphasise how big an upset this result from Foss was, it is arguable that Foss was Jumbo-Visma’s 7th best time-trialist on their roster before the weekend (Van Aert, Roglič, Dumoulin, Vingegaard, Laporte, Dennis all with better time trial results in 2022). Before the race, Foss’ trade teammate Affini was an even bigger favourite according to the bookies. Foss’ odds before the race ranged from 101 to 200, according to various bookmakers. His father was one of the rare people to believe (partially) in him. He placed a small bet of 50 Norwegian Krones (5 Euros) on his son to win and won 5000 NOK (500 euros) in the end.

Foss’ father did bet on his son’s win

Despite Wout van Aert’s absence in the race, Jumbo-Visma now has a world champion in the time trial after Van Aert’ second place finishes in the 2020 and 2021 editions. Van Aert would have been a big favourite to win the race, alongside Filippo Ganna and Remco Evenepoel, but the Belgian chose not to participate so he could concentrate solely on the road race. Would have Van Aert won today if he was riding? No one knows, but the course certainly suited him. Evenepoel after the race admitted in an interview with Sporza that it was one of his best time-trials ever, according to his power data. This increases the merits of Foss’ performance who evidently won because of his world class level on Sunday rather than his competitors underperforming.

Wollongong – Australia – cycling – Tobias Foss of Norway pictured during 89th World Championships Men – ITT (WC) time trial ITT – Wollongong > Wollongong (34.2km) – Photo: Alex Whitehead/SWPix/Cor Vos © 2022

However on a pure watts basis, Foss’ 415 watts for 40 minutes does not seem that impressive considering his weight of over 70kg – at least not impressive enough to win a World Championships. His time-trial setup and cornering skills must have given a huge boost to him on this technical course. Canadian champion Derek Gee finished 19th, losing +1:59 to Foss whilst averaging 419 watts – 4 more than the Norwegian. According to procyclingstats.com Foss is 184cm, 74kg, while Gee is 189cm, 76kg. The Israel Cycling Academy rider is only a little bit bigger and heavier than Foss, with weight not being as important on a course such as this compared to a hillier course like in the Toyko Olympics.

Of course, power meters usually have 1-2% accuracy so perhaps Foss’ power meter is under-reading, but it is clear that aerodynamics, set-up and position on the bike are so much more important than simply doing the most watts. It would be interesting to see the results of Gee and Foss with switched equipment and resources. Gee this season was largely riding for the Israel continental development team and will ride for Israel Premier-Tech in 2023. Unless there are substantial changes in the team’s expertise and equipment, it is unlikely that Gee will be able to achieve his potential in the time trial there.

This was the first pro victory outside of the Norwegian Championships for Foss. He had shown some good performances in the Giro d’Italia and Basque Country but nothing of this caliber, considering the elevated competition.

Foss’ time-trial results since 2020

Foss’ time trial results – Procyclingstats.com

In Volta ao Algarve 2022 there was a similar 32.2 km hilly time-trial. Evenepoel destroyed everyone, with Foss losing more than a minute on the similar course to the Belgian with Küng and Hayter finishing a bit closer. All of these four riders finished in the Top 4 in these world championships, with Hayter dropping his chain which cost him many seconds. Evenepoel in the Algarve time-trial did 392 watts. If his words are true, then he did similar watts today and yet lost 9 seconds to Foss.

Volta ao Algarve 2022 TT – procyclingstats.com

If Foss can repeat this level in 2023 then he will be a persistent contender in WorldTour level time trials, however it remains to be seen how he can balance general classification ambitions with the shape required for such a performance. On the right parcours (such as the Vuelta 2022), Foss’ time trial should be a big weapon for good results in GC including at races like Volta ao Algarve. For now though, he will enjoy the fresh rainbow bands after pulling off one of 2022’s biggest sporting upsets.

Wollongong – Australia – cycling – Tobias Foss (NOR) pictured during 89th World Championships Men – ITT (WC) time trial ITT – Wollongong > Wollongong (34.2km) – Photo: Luca Bettini/SCA/Cor Vos © 2022